AT least ten persons died in an auto crash along the Lagos-Ibadan expressway on Saturday, January 14.
This was disclosed to journalists by Sector Commander, Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) in Ogun State, Ahmed Umar.
Umar said the incident, which occurred in the early hours of Saturday, involved a Mack truck and a Toyota Hiace bus.
”A total of 19 people were involved in the crash which comprised 13 male adults and six female adults. Two male adults sustained injuries while seven male adults, two female adults and one female child died in the accident,” he said.
Umar blamed the accident on road obstruction by the trailer driver. He also faulted what he described as excessive speed by the driver of the Hiace bus, who was said to have lost control and ran into the truck.
Wounded passengers were taken to Victory Hospital, Ogerse for treatment, while the deceased have been deposited at a morgue in Ipara.
On December 25, 2022, three persons died while six others sustained injuries in an accident along the Lagos-Ibadan expressway.
While over speeding is often cited as the reason for most accidents on the Lagos-Ibadan expressway, the frequency of auto-crashes on the route has remained a source of concern.
In 2021, Ogun State ranked fourth on number of deaths from road accidents among the 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), according to data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).
The ICIRreported that the Lagos-Ibadan expressway accounts for a large proportion of motor accidents in Nigeria.
A STUDENT of Federal University Dutse (FUD), Aminu Adamu Muhammed, who was in the custody of security operatives and later released over a tweet tagged as defamatory against the wife of the president, Aisha Buhari has continued to generate debate.
Aisha has been Nigeria’s first lady since 2015, when President Muhammadu Buhari-led administration assumed office.
Adamu, a 23-year-old, 500-level student studying environmental management, was allegedly arrested on November 18 for a post he tweeted on his Twitter page on June 8. In some quarters, the arrest has been likened to abduction, citing that due process was not followed.
After public outcry, the detained critic was released from Suleja correctional facility on December 2, 2022.
The student alluding to her weight gain, wrote in Hausa, “Su Mama anchi kudin talakawa ankoshi”, which translates to “Mother has fed fat on public fund”, mother here referring to Aisha.
Aminu’s tweet that generated controversy
Muhammad was reported to have been beaten up alongside a former social media aide to the first lady, Zainab Kazeem, before he was eventually arraigned.
At the time, a call to the Police spokesperson, Muyiwa Adejobi, in reaction to the claim that Adamu was arrested, told The ICIR via text message that he was unaware of the student’s arrest, although several media platforms reported that the student has been arraigned and was remanded.
The issue generated reactions from Nigerians, with many describing it as a misuse of power and abuse of government apparatus while citing the arrest as not in conformity with democratic principles. The hashtag #FreeAminu was also created on social media.
While condemning the action, the Human Rights Writers Association of Nigeria (HURIWA) described it as an abuse of power and demanded Muhammed’s release.
Also, the Global rights organisation, Amnesty International, called for the immediate release of Aminu, saying, despite having a stable democracy since 1999 after years of military dictatorships, illegal arrests are still a common feature in the country.
Joining the outcry, Nigerian comedian and skit maker, who is also a social activist, Macaroni, who took to his verified Twitter page, urged Aisha to go to court if she has any grievances.
Reacting further, Nigerian social activist, Aisha Yesufu, slammed Aisha Buhari for allegedly ‘ordering’ the arrest and detention of Aminu Muhammed. Noting that it is unlawful.
Hanan Buhari’s SIM card controversy
It will be recalled that in 2019, Aisha and President Buhari’s daughter Hanan was the subject of media reports which linked her to the arrest of Anthony Okolie.
In July 2019, the Department of State Service (DSS), arrested Anthony Okolie, and was detained for 10 weeks for using a sim card earlier used by Hanan.
The sim card the service provider, MTN, had recycled after it became dormant and sold to Okolie.
On May 14, 2020, a Federal High Court sitting in Asaba, Delta State, awarded the sum of N10 million naira to Anthony Okolie for his illegal detention by the Department of State Security (DSS).
Aminu’s release
Following the release of Aminu, reactions trailed the withdrawal of the suit by Aisha against the student.
Former Senator representing Kaduna Central Senatorial District, Shehu Sani, opined that voices raised in the defense of Aminu were voices raised in defence of the freedom of speech.
A professor and social commentator, Kawu Garba, called on the student’s legal team to sue Aisha over the arrest and alleged torture.
“I call on Aminu’s legal team to sue Aisha Buhari over the abduction and torture of their client and seek compensation of N300M for him. This grave injustice should not be allowed to go scot-free,” he said.
This then brings to the fore a pertinent question on the legality and process of the arrest and release.
Can Aminu Sue?
To sue is to institute legal proceedings against a person and or an institution, typically to seek redress.
The ICIR spoke with human rights lawyers and Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP), to get their reaction and legal opinion on what steps can be taken by the student.
The deputy director of SERAP, Kolawole Oluwadare, in a telephone conversation with The ICIR, said Aminu has a cause of action against both the law enforcement agency and those that carried out his unlawful detention beyond the constitutionally allowed period.
“The law is very clear. The court has held consistently that those who initiated the process of using law enforcement agencies to infringe on other people’s rights will be liable,” Oluwadare stated.
The SERAP deputy director added that “It is very important to understand that the context of constitutional provisions of fundamental rights state clearly that you can approach the court to enforce your fundamental rights if your rights have been breached, that is, past tense if your rights are being breached, present continuous if your rights are going to be breached or likely to be breached”.
Speaking also with The ICIR, Abdulkareem Musa, a legal practitioner, also shed more light on the issue from the penal code angle.
He said, “Looking at it from the legal perspective and not just the social perspective, you will begin to consider relevant provisions of the law. Has Aminu conducted himself in a lawful manner?”
Musa explaining further stated, “By provision of Section 391 of the Penal code, which is like the criminal code that governs the northern part of Nigeria, a person is prohibited from making any statement, whether physically or through mechanical means, where he or she knows that the statement is capable of damaging the character of another person, or injuring the character of another person, or reducing that person in the estimation of the members of the society”.
After stating that the penal code prohibits defamation, he added that there are exceptions to the provision. He said are:
When what you are saying is true, you can say it.
When what you are saying is in the interest of the public
When what you are saying is to prevent a danger that the society or public interest may suffer as a result of your holding on to that information, then the law allows you to say it.
Musa explained further, saying, “the question then is, upon which ground did he make the assertion that Aisha has stolen the money of the ‘poor people’? Does he have the requisite information or defence? If there is a good defence for the statement that is ordinarily defamatory, then he has a right to sue under the fundamental rights procedure.”
Another human rights lawyer, Pelumi Olajengbesi, adding his legal opinion, also averred that Aminu can sue.
“The facts from News Agencies report that Aminu was arrested by the police and was not allowed to communicate with his family members or friends. He was neither allowed to contact any lawyer nor charged to court within 48 hours of his arrest. His family members only got to see him five days after his arrest.
“The foregoing indicates a breach of Aminu’s constitutional and fundamental right to liberty as guaranteed under Section 35 of the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
“Additionally, it also violates his right to be timeously brought before a competent court of jurisdiction within a reasonable time of his arrest,” he said.
Olajengbesi added that it may be reasonable to presume that he must have been interviewed and questioned about the alleged crime while in custody before the whereabouts of his custody became known.
Suggesting that he would have been made to give a statement without the presence of his lawyer, which he says is against the provisions of the Administration Criminal Justice Act (ACJA).
If Aminu wants to sue, who will he sue?
“By the provisions of the law, the first point of call is the Nigerian Police Force, who arrested and deprived him of his right to liberty. But because of the vicarious liabilities in our law, the person who committed the action immediately and the person who engineered him to commit the act are both liable for the act a person may complain of”, Musa explained.
Olajengbesi also said law enforcement agencies involved in the breach of Aminu’s constitutional rights may also join Aisha as a party to the suit.
“There is no office of the First Lady in the Constitution of Nigeria,” Olajengbesi said, “She is in no way covered by the immunity clause of the Constitution.”
Adding that if Aisha must be sued, it must be done in her personal capacity.
SERAP deputy director, Oluwadare, in his opinion, said Aminu’s rights were breached and therefore has a cause of action.
He said, “Constitutional provisions and case laws decided by the court, including the Supreme Court of Nigeria, have established clearly that damages would lie in favour of individuals whose fundamental rights have been breached, and in this instance, he has been released, so his rights are no longer being breached continually as it were. But he can ask for damages, and that is pecuniary damages in this instance.”
Oluwadre added that he can sue everyone that participated in that action, including individuals that made the complaint and law enforcement agencies that carried out the arrest and detention.
However, both lawyers spoken with agree that Aminu can be held liable under the Cybercrimes Act of 2015, particularly Section 24 (1), which makes him liable for the offence of cyberstalking unless he can prove his tweet to be true. Otherwise, he may be liable for both civil and criminal defamation.
SONIA, the daughter of former Nigerian Deputy Senate President Ike Ekweremadu, arrested and charged to court in the United Kingdom (UK) over allegations of conspiracy to traffic a homeless man into the country for the purpose of harvesting his organ, has denied the accusation.
The 25-year-old, alongside her father Ike and mother Beatrice, were charged with conspiring to harvest the kidney of 21-year-old David Ukpo, who was brought from Nigeria to a London hospital.
Ekweremadu and his wife were arrested in the UK on June 21, 2022, after flying to Heathrow Airport in London from Turkey.
An investigation was launched after detectives were alerted to potential offences under modern slavery legislation in May 2022.
British prosecutors alleged that they conspired with others, including a Nigerian-based family member identified as Isaac Ekweremadu and a medical doctor Obinna Obeta, residing in Southwark, South London, to arrange the travel of Ukpo with a view of removing one of his kidneys for Sonia, who is suffering from a kidney-related disease.
Ike and Obeta are in custody in HMP Wandsworth and HMP Belmarsh respectively.
Ekweremadu was denied bail after the court maintained that the Nigerian lawmaker remained a flight risk. Beatrice and Sonia are both on bail.
The trial before Justice Adam Johnson of the Central Criminal Court in Old Bailey London will begin on January 31.
KENYAN Police authorities on Friday reportedly arrested some officers notorious for the abduction, assault and extortion of foreign nationals in the country and framing them up with drug charges.
One of the Police officers identified as Corporal Diba had been accused of extorting $850 from a Nigerian named Emmanuel after abducting him on June 11, 2022. Emmanuel was abducted at gunpoint alongside another Nigerian identified as Anthony Anamonye.
The corporal reportedly confiscated their passports and detained them under harsh conditions.
Diba and his team were accused of also planting drugs in the apartments of their victims after the abduction to extort huge amounts of money from the foreigners by threatening them with a jail term or deportation.
In a report published by SaharaReporters, the officers were alleged to have demanded the sum of $3,000 from the two Nigerian citizens, but unfortunately, his request was turned down, before whisking them away in a government vehicle to Anamonye’s residence.
After searching the house of the young Nigerian without a search warrant, and finding nothing incriminating, the officers became furious and consequently drove the two Nigerians to the Police Station in Mtwapa town, Kilifi County, the newspaper reported.
“The two Nigerians were kept incommunicado under harsh treatment until one of them, Emmanuel, decided to pay a ransom of 850 US dollars before being released having spent over 24 hours in police custody” the report said.
However, Anamonye refused to pay the ransom and was released after two days under the pretext of a cash bail of 30,000 KSH through the intervention of a lawyer and went on to petition the Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA), who intervened and got his money refunded.
Feeling dissatisfied with the manner in which the IPOA initially handled the complaints, and given the fact that the IPOA willingly concealed the identity of four officers who had assaulted him to a state of coma while in detention, Anamonye sought legal relief.
Following his petition to a Federal High Court in Mombasa, the IPOA made a recommendation to the National Police Service to have the rogue officers investigated, which led to interdiction and the case had been scheduled for mention on the 31st day of January, 2023.
THE Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPC Ltd) is set to start drilling the first oil well in Nasarawa State in March 2023, in continuation of its oil exploration activities in the country’s inland basins.
The company’s Group Chief Executive Officer, Mele Kolo Kyari, disclosed this when the Nasarawa State governor, Abdullahi Sule, led a delegation of prominent indigenes of the state on a courtesy visit to the NNPC Ltd. in Abuja.
Kyari, in a statement on Friday, January 13 by the Chief Corporate Communications Officer, NNPC Ltd., Garbadeen Muhammed, said the results of exploratory activities confirmed the presence of substantial hydrocarbon resources in the state.
The NNPC chief, calling for prompt action on the project, said, “This work must be done very fast because the whole world is walking away from fossil fuel due to energy transition.
“The earlier you go to the market, the better for you, otherwise, 10 years from now, no one will agree to put money in petroleum business except it comes from your cash flow.”
He described community support and a conducive environment as key to a successful operation in the area in order to avoid the experience of the Niger Delta.
In his response, the governor congratulated Kyari on the successful commencement of oil production and the Kolmani integrated development project, which was inaugurated in Novemner 2022 by President Muhammadu Buhari.
‘’I want to congratulate you, the management of NNPC and the federal government on what you have done at Kolmani. For those who don’t know what you have done for Nigeria, you have written your name in gold,’’ Sule stated.
He commended President Buhari for his support, while assuring the NNPC of a conducive environment.
The governor was accompanied on the visit by, among others, the Deputy Governor, Dr Emmanuel Akabe; National Chairman of the All Progressives Congress (APC), and first executive governor of the state, Abdullahi Adamu; and his predecessor, Senator Tanko Almakura.
YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT in Nigeria is a serious challenge that has landed the country in some of the grave societal issues it is experiencing today.
Successive administrations since the beginning of the fourth republic have promised to address and adopt job creation as a foundation for pulling many Nigerians out of poverty, and as a pillar of their economic policy.
Unfortunately, their campaign promises have remained just that: mere campaign promises.
Many graduates with high hopes and many dreams of building careers had had their hopes and careers shattered as job and business opportunities ran lean.
Seeking ways of how the unemployment scourge can be addressed.
The ICIR interviewed human resource experts on steps that can be taken to bridge the unemployment gap, especially as it affects graduates.
As an unemployed graduate who wants to kick-start his career in 2023, here are the four things that sweep potential employers off their feet:
1) Prepare an Error-free curriculum vitae
As a young graduate intending to secure a job in an organization, your curriculum vitae is your image maker that speaks to a potential employer.
Reacting to the curriculum vitae issue, the Human Resource Manager, the International Centre for Investigative Reporting (The ICIR), Uju Ogo, said that a good CV must be simple, concise and detailed to easily enlighten your prospective employer on your ability, competence, certifications and experience.
Ogo stated a CV must also be straightforward and error-free to portray a good image before potential employers.
“As a recent graduate, you have to make your CV as clear and straightforward as possible, because before even you get an interview with any organization, the first thing the Hiring Manager sees is your curriculum vitae.
“Basically, you have to make sure it is free of spelling errors, even if you don’t have experience. Make sure your CV is as clear as possible,” she said.
2) Get Professional Certifications and Learn Soft Skills
There is no doubt that obtaining more certifications can provide you with a professional boost, although it comes with a hefty price tag.
Soft skills, on the other hand, are abstract skills that empower unemployed graduates to collaborate and work together in order to collectively meet company objectives, improve efficiency and heighten productivity.
Labour force participation shows that 87.7 per cent of workers have professional certifications and skills, which means that a substantially higher number of such people are employed.
The Managing Director of Dexter and Heroes Consulting Limited, Ome Amadi, emphasized the need for unemployed graduates to learn the soft skills that can help build strong relationships, problem-solving abilities and efficient operations.
Amadi said that soft skills are needed to improve leadership, enhance employers’ satisfaction, manage workplace communication and increase office productivity.
“A lot of young graduates lack communication skills, computer literacy skills, problem-solving skills, management skills, analytical skills, project management skills, interpersonal skills, website management-HTML, WordPress, Photoshop and technical skills, which are needed in everyday life.”
“Self-development is very important, and these skills are needed by employers. These cannot be overemphasised. A graduate who needs a job should learn any of these skills. But the problem is that most people are unwilling,” he added.
Amadi charged unemployed graduates to utilize opportunities created by free academic websites such as Udemy, Courseraand Allison to learn highly demanding and competitive free certifications.
3) Access All Opportunities
For the vast majority of the unemployed, the ultimate purpose of accessing opportunity is to secure a desirable job that will launch them into a successful career. Searching for opportunities may be tasking and cumbersome, but achievable.
Reacting to the need for unemployed graduates to access opportunities, the Coordinator, Sultan Maccido Institute for Peace, Leadership, Development and Security Studies, University of Abuja, Dr. Odogwu Celestine, advised them to access all relevant and useful career opportunities.
According to him, “unemployed youths needs to be creative about how they access opportunities despite the poor economic challenges and difficulties in Nigeria.
“The government is not creating job opportunities and there is virtually no job anywhere. So, unemployed graduates should skilfully access all available opportunities either through internship, volunteering or any entrepreneurial skill.”
4) Position and Network Upwards
Unemployed graduates who network with people that have more edge to advance in social and professional circles will be helping themselves a lot. Positioning is very important in the search for employment opportunities, especially on social media pages and platforms. Utilizing the benefits of social media is very important.
An unemployed graduate and job seeker can put up a decent profile complete with picture on LinkedIn and send requests to prospective employers.
A good example is leveraging on LinkedInto access opportunities and connect with people, especially professionals who will be helpful in pointing out leads.
A STATE High Court in Minna has sentenced a serving Deputy Director of the Niger State Ministry of Land Transportation, Umar Farouk, to seven years imprisonment.
This was contained in a news release signed by the spokesperson, Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC), Azuka Ogogua, and made available to The ICIR on Friday, January 13, 2023.
According to the anti-graft agency, Farouk was sentenced for demanding and receiving gratification of N11 million from a contractor for the award of a contract.
The commission had on July 2020 dragged Farouk before Justice Abdullahi Mikhail on a seven-count charge bordering on gratification and conferment of corrupt advantage upon self, an allegation he pleaded not guilty to, thereby setting the tone for a longer trial.
The ICPC prosecutor, Osuobeni Akpos, had told the court that “Farouk, while serving as the Deputy Director of Land Transport for the Niger State Ministry of Land Transportation in 2016, collected the sum of N11,000,000 as kickback from a contractor for the award of contract for the registration of Auto Mechanic Workshops.”
Akpos also explained to the court how the convict had received money on different occasions to the tune of N11 million, which was in contravention of Section 8 and 19 of the Corrupt Practices and Other Offences Act, 2000 and punishable under the same Act.
In his ruling, Justice Mikhail said that the prosecution had proven their case beyond reasonable doubt.
He, therefore, found the Deputy Director guilty on all seven counts and sentenced him to seven years imprisonment each for counts one to six, and five years imprisonment for count seven.
THE Edo State government has said two more victims of the train attack in the state have been rescued by a team of military, police, vigilante and local government security operatives.
The ICIR had reported that suspected gunmen attacked the Igueben railway station in Igueben Local Government Area in the state and abducted scores of passengers waiting to board a train to Warri, Delta State.
Addressing newsmen on Friday in Benin City, the state Commissioner for Communication and Orientation, Chris Nehikhare, confirmed that the two victims were rescued in the early hours of Thursday, while a police officer died after the operation.
Nehikhare said, “The president of the Customary Court Aigbonoga was rescued but, unfortunately, one of the policemen, DSP Michael Adams, died of natural causes after the operation. He wasn’t felled by a bullet.
“The state deputy governor and directors of all the security agents have paid a condolence visit to the widow and child of the deceased.”
The state Police Command Public Relations Officer, Superintendent Chidi Nwabuzo, confirmed the rescue.
He said that the police officer who died during the rescue of the Customary Court died of natural causes.
MINISTER of Works and Housing, Babatunde Fashola, has claimed that the All Progressives Congress (APC) presidential candidate, Bola Ahmed Tinubu, was the first governor in Nigeria to raise the bond for infrastructure and development in Nigeria.
Fashola, who succeeded Tinubu as governor in 2007, made the claim while speaking on TVC News on Thursday, January 12, 2023.
While defending whether Tinubu was fit and proper to rule Nigeria, the minister said Tinubu raised the bond despite a federal PDP opposition, which many states are now modelling.
“Let us remember that the first state bond for infrastructure and development in this country was raised during his term as governor. And it was raised in spite of a Federal PDP opposition,” he said.
He added that Tinubu’s initiatives, including his Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) style, have become a model today for many states of the federation.
Fashola’s claim was also uploaded to Twitter by a tweep @Osazenoo with a caption that reads:
“Fashola’s take on whether Tinubu has the capacity to lead Nigeria. Interesting facts”.
The video, which has wide acceptance among Tinubu’s followers on the social media site, was posted on Thursday, January 12. It has garnered over 1,737 retweets and more than 500,000 views as of Friday, January 13.
Fashola's take on whether Tinubu has the capacity to lead Nigeria.
Tinubu was the first governor in Nigeria to raise the bond for infrastructure and development in Nigeria.
THE FINDINGS
A bond, according to Investopedia, is a fixed-income instrument that represents a loan made by an investor to a borrower (typically corporate or governmental). A bond could be thought of as an I.O.U. between the lender and borrower, including the loan details and its payments.
Bonds are used by companies, states, and sovereign governments to finance projects and operations. Owners of bonds are debtholders, or creditors, of the issuer. Bond details include the end date when the principal of the loan is due to be paid to the bond owner and usually include the terms for variable or fixed interest payments made by the borrower.
The Nigerian Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) defined a bond as tradable security issued by the borrower (bond issuer) representing a formal agreement to repay the lender (the bondholder) the full amount plus interest over the lifetime of the bond.
In Nigeria, a bond may be publicly placed (i.e., listed on an exchange for trading) for trading by the public or maybe a private placement, sold to qualified investors, i.e., institutional investors (like Pension Funds, Banks, etc.) and high net worth individuals.
Findings by The ICIR revealed that in 1978 the old Bendel state government headed by Husaini Abdullahi, a military governor took a bond, this preceded Tinubu’s administration. The Bendel State Loan Stock valued at N20 million was taken to develop housing estate in the region. The bond matured in 1988 at a 7 per cent coupon rate.
Then there was a bond taken by the Ogun State Revenue Bond, which took a N15 million, 10-year bond in 1986 for the development of a water project. When the bond was taken, Raji Alagbe Rasaki was the state’s military governor.
Between 1987 and 1988, the Lagos State Revenue Bond issued a total sum of N90 million bond for the development of the Lekki Peninsula. Mike Akhigbe was the military governor then.
The first Oyo State Revenue Bond of N30 million for Adamasingba Shopping Complex and Gbagi Market Development in 1987 was a 12-year bond.
The Kaduna State Revenue Bond took a N60 million bond between 1989 and 1993 for the development of Ginger factory. Abdullahi Sarki Mukhtar and Lawal Jafaru Isa were the military governor and administrators, respectively, within these periods.
The Edo State Revenue Bond took a N1 billion bond in 2000 for the development of Ogba Riverside Housing Estate. Lucky Igbinedion was the elected executive governor. The same year, the Delta State Revenue Bond, which took N3.5 billion to develop the market, healthcare, water and education in the state. James Ibori was the governor.
In 2002, Yobe State Revenue Bond and Ekiti State Revenue Bond took bonds for various developmental projects in their states, respectively.
The Lagos State government under Tinubu in 2002 took N15 billion bond through the Lagos State Bond for the refinance of developmental projects in the state
As of 2015, Lagos State is leading other states with a total of N290.09 billion in bond issuance. The highest was N87.5 billion government Bond – Series 2 under the N167.5 billion debt issuance programme of 2013 for maturity in 2020.
The bond raised, which was issued at a 13.5 coupon rate, was meant for infrastructure developments (roads, rail, buildings and bridges etc), health facilities, Adiyan Water Project Phase II construction, and shoreline protection work.
Lagos had in 2012 issued a N80 billion bond under the Series 1 of the N167.5 billion debt issuance programme at a 14.5 per cent coupon rate for construction of Adiyan Waterworks (Phase II), infrastructure developments (roads, rail, buildings and bridges etc.), health facilities and redevelopment of Eric Moore Schools (Phase I).
THE VERDICT
Fashola’s claim that Tinubu was the first governor in Nigeria to raise the bond for infrastructure and development in Nigeria is FALSE. Findings by The ICIR had shown that before Tinubu, other states, including regional and Local governments, had raised bonds for various developmental projects in Nigeria.
Although some of the governments before 1999 were headed by military personnel, the first states to borrow from the bond market when Nigeria returned to democracy in 1999 were the Edo and Delta states governments headed by Lucky Igbinedon and James Ibori, respectively, not Tinubu, who was then Lagos State governor.
*UPDATE The bonds for Ogun, Oyo, Lagos and Kaduna mentioned in this report have been corrected to millions from billions.
![[SPECIAL REPORT] Aisha Buhari: Can Aminu Adamu sue?](https://www.icirnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Aminu-Mohammed-and-Aisha-Buhari-768x527.jpg "[SPECIAL REPORT] Aisha Buhari: Can Aminu Adamu sue?")
![[UPDATED] Was Tinubu the first governor to raise bond for infrastructure in Nigeria as claimed by Fashola?](https://www.icirnigeria.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Fashola-and-Tinubu-768x576.png "[UPDATED] Was Tinubu the first governor to raise bond for infrastructure in Nigeria as claimed by Fashola?")